The invention provides an agent modulating the expression and/or activity of i) the POU5F1B protein, a fragment or variant thereof, ii) an mRNA encoding POU5F1B, a fragment or variant thereof and/or iii) the POU5F1B gene. Preferably, the agent is for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a disease linked to the expression of POU5F1B in a subject in need thereof.