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  4. Human PBMCs Form Lipid Droplets in Response to Spike Proteins
 
research article

Human PBMCs Form Lipid Droplets in Response to Spike Proteins

Sivaraman, Kokilavani
•
Pino, Paco
•
Raussin, Guillaume
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November 1, 2023
Microorganisms

Intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) can accumulate in response to inflammation, metabolic stresses, and other physiological/pathological processes. Herein, we investigated whether spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 induce LDs in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). PBMCs or HPMECs were incubated alone or with endotoxin-free recombinant variants of trimeric spike glycoproteins (Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron, 12 mu g/mL). Afterward, cells were stained with Oil Red O for LDs, cytokine release was determined through ELISA, and the gene expression was analyzed through real-time PCR using TaqMan assays. Our data show that spikes induce LDs in PBMCs but not in HPMECs. In line with this, in PBMCs, spike proteins lower the expression of genes involving lipid metabolism and LD formation, such as SREBF1, HMGCS1, LDLR, and CD36. On the other hand, PBMCs exposed to spikes for 6 or 18 h did not increase in IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and TNF alpha release or expression as compared to non-treated controls. Thus, spike-induced LD formation in PBMCs seems to not be related to cell inflammatory activation. Further detailed studies are warranted to investigate in which specific immune cells spikes induce LDs, and what are the pathophysiological mechanisms and consequences of this induction in vivo.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms11112683
Web of Science ID

WOS:001113840500001

Author(s)
Sivaraman, Kokilavani
Pino, Paco
Raussin, Guillaume
Anchisi, Stephanie
Metayer, Charles
Dagany, Nicolas
Held, Julia
Wrenger, Sabine
Welte, Tobias
Wurm, Maria J.
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Date Issued

2023-11-01

Publisher

MDPI

Published in
Microorganisms
Volume

11

Issue

11

Article Number

2683

Subjects

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

•

Recombinant Spike Protein

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Human Pbmcs

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Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells

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Cytokines

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Chemokines

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Lipid Droplets

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Lipid Metabolism Genes

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
ISIC  
FunderGrant Number

Enterprise Europe Network Niedersachsen (EEN) of the NBank

Available on Infoscience
February 20, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/204496
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