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  4. Strong gravitational lensing by AGNs as a probe of the quasar-host relations in the distant Universe
 
research article

Strong gravitational lensing by AGNs as a probe of the quasar-host relations in the distant Universe

Millon, Martin  
•
Courbin, Frederic  
•
Galan, Aymeric  
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June 1, 2023
Nature Astronomy

A rare case of a quasar acting as a gravitational lens allows a precise determination of the mass of the quasar's host galaxy and offers a new path to studying the connections between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies.

The tight correlations found between the mass of supermassive black holes and the luminosities, stellar masses and velocity dispersions of their host galaxies are often interpreted as a sign of their co-evolution. Studying these correlations across redshift provides a powerful insight into the evolutionary path followed by the quasar and its host galaxy. While the mass of the black hole is accessible from single-epoch spectra, measuring the mass of its host galaxy is challenging as the active nucleus largely overshines its host. Here we present a technique to probe quasar-host relations beyond the local Universe with strong gravitational lensing, hence overcoming the use of stellar population models or velocity dispersion measurements, both prone to degeneracies. We study in detail one of the three known cases of strong lensing by a quasar to accurately measure the mass of its host and to infer a total lensing mass within the Einstein radius. The lensing measurement is more precise than any other alternative technique and compatible with the local scaling relation between the mass of the black hole and the stellar mass. The sample of such quasar-galaxy or quasar-quasar lensing systems should reach a few hundred with Euclid and the Rubin-Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, thus enabling the application of such a method with statistically significant sample sizes.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1038/s41550-023-01982-2
Web of Science ID

WOS:000999572200001

Author(s)
Millon, Martin  
Courbin, Frederic  
Galan, Aymeric  
Sluse, Dominique  
Ding, Xuheng
Tewes, Malte  
Djorgovski, S. G.
Date Issued

2023-06-01

Publisher

NATURE PORTFOLIO

Published in
Nature Astronomy
Subjects

Astronomy & Astrophysics

•

supermassive black-holes

•

scaling relations

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stellar mass

•

bulge mass

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evolution

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galaxies

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simulations

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constraints

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haloes

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LASTRO  
Available on Infoscience
June 19, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/198477
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