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research article

Improved two-photon polymerization through an optical fiber using coherent beam shaping

Konstantinou, Georgia  
•
Boniface, Antoine  
•
Loterie, Damien
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January 1, 2023
Optics And Lasers In Engineering

The state of the art for high resolution three-dimensional light-based additive manufacturing mainly relies on two-photon polymerization. It consists of focusing and scanning a femtosecond laser beam on a photosensitive resin to initiate crosslinking and fabricate a 3D part. This is usually achieved with a bulky objective lens which prevents printing in confined spaces. Recently, it was proposed to replace it with a multimode fiber whose core diameter is 400 ������m. Thanks to wavefront shaping it was shown that the refocused beam can be digitally scanned for two-photon 3D printing. This provided a new tool to deliver light in hard-to-reach places without any motion of the fiber distal end, but it requires multiple and fine calibration measurement with a relatively complex optical setup. Here, we go a step further and demonstrate a finer digital scanning method based on a transmission matrix approach. The latter is a faster and much easier method than previously reported techniques to manipulate light at the output of the fiber. In addition, it provides smaller hatching distances (down to 200 nm) which translates into smoother 3D printed structures and it also offers the possibility of engineering the focal spot size and shape. We demonstrate the fabrication of a woodpile structure with a focused beam size of 0.8 ������m along x-y and 7 ������m along z. The printing time for a layer is reduced from 29 minutes to 6 minutes by engineering the voxel shape which opens up new perspectives for high resolution, fast and smooth printing in confined areas.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.optlaseng.2022.107232
Web of Science ID

WOS:000860490100003

Author(s)
Konstantinou, Georgia  
Boniface, Antoine  
Loterie, Damien
Kakkava, Eirini  
Psaltis, Demetri  
Moser, Christophe  
Date Issued

2023-01-01

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Published in
Optics And Lasers In Engineering
Volume

160

Article Number

107232

Subjects

Optics

•

Optics

•

3d printing

•

two-photon polymerization

•

multimode fiber

•

transmission matrix

•

microstructures

•

3-dimensional microfabrication

•

light

•

technology

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

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LAPD  
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Available on Infoscience
January 16, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/193722
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