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research article

Olfactory receptor pseudo-pseudogenes

Prieto-Godino, Lucia L.
•
Rytz, Raphael
•
Bargeton, Benoite
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2016
Nature

Pseudogenes are generally considered to be non-functional DNA sequences that arise through nonsense or frame-shift mutations of protein-coding genes(1). Although certain pseudogene-derived RNAs have regulatory roles(2), and some pseudogene fragments are translated(3), no clear functions for pseudogene-derived proteins are known. Olfactory receptor families contain many pseudogenes, which reflect low selection pressures on loci no longer relevant to the fitness of a species(4). Here we report the characterization of a pseudogene in the chemosensory variant ionotropic glutamate receptor repertoire(5,6) of Drosophila sechellia, an insect endemic to the Seychelles that feeds almost exclusively on the ripe fruit of Morinda citrifolia(7). This locus, D. sechellia Ir75a, bears a premature termination codon (PTC) that appears to be fixed in the population. However, D. sechellia Ir75a encodes a functional receptor, owing to efficient translational read-through of the PTC. Read-through is detected only in neurons and is independent of the type of termination codon, but depends on the sequence downstream of the PTC. Furthermore, although the intact Drosophila melanogaster Ir75a orthologue detects acetic acid-a chemical cue important for locating fermenting food8,9 found only at trace levels in Morinda fruit(10)-D. sechellia Ir75a has evolved distinct odour-tuning properties through amino-acid changes in its ligand-binding domain. We identify functional PTC-containing loci within different olfactory receptor repertoires and species, suggesting that such 'pseudo-pseudogenes' could represent a widespread phenomenon. [GRAPHICS] .

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1038/nature19824
Web of Science ID

WOS:000386670100036

Author(s)
Prieto-Godino, Lucia L.
Rytz, Raphael
Bargeton, Benoite
Abuin, Liliane
Arguello, J. Roman
Dal Peraro, Matteo  
Benton, Richard
Date Issued

2016

Publisher

Nature Publishing Group

Published in
Nature
Volume

539

Issue

7627

Start page

93

End page

97

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
UPDALPE  
Available on Infoscience
January 24, 2017
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/133662
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