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research article

Experimental and theoretical study of wind turbine wakes in yawed conditions

Bastankhah, Majid  
•
Porté-Agel, Fernando  
2016
Journal of Fluid Mechanics

This work is dedicated to systematically studying and predicting the wake characteristics of a yawed wind turbine immersed in a turbulent boundary layer. To achieve this goal, wind tunnel experiments were performed to characterize the wake of a horizontal-axis wind turbine model. A high-resolution stereoscopic particle image velocimetry system was used to measure the three velocity components in the turbine wake under different yaw angles and tip-speed ratios. Moreover, power and thrust measurements were carried out to analyse the performance of the wind turbine. These detailed wind tunnel measurements were then used to perform a budget study of the continuity and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations for the wake of a yawed turbine. This theoretical analysis revealed some notable features of the wakes of yawed turbines, such as the asymmetric distribution of the wake skew angle with respect to the wake centre. Under highly yawed conditions, the formation of a counter-rotating vortex pair in the wake cross-section as well as the vertical displacement of the wake centre were shown and analysed. Finally, this study enabled us to develop general governing equations upon which a simple and computationally inexpensive analytical model was built. The proposed model aims at predicting the wake deflection and the far-wake velocity distribution for yawed turbines. Comparisons of model predictions with the wind tunnel measurements show that this simple model can acceptably predict the velocity distribution in the far wake of a yawed turbine. Apart from the ability of the model to predict wake flows in yawed conditions, it can provide valuable physical insight on the behaviour of turbine wakes in this complex situation.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1017/jfm.2016.595
Web of Science ID

WOS:000386312600016

Author(s)
Bastankhah, Majid  
Porté-Agel, Fernando  
Date Issued

2016

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published in
Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Volume

806

Start page

506

End page

541

Subjects

turbulent flows

•

turbulent boundary layers

•

wakes/jets

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
WIRE  
Available on Infoscience
October 23, 2016
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/130627
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