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research article

Unintentional synchronization with self-avatar for upper- and lower-body movements

Boban, Loën  
•
Strauss, Lucas
•
Decroix, Hugo
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February 23, 2023
Frontiers in Virtual Reality

The subjective experience of embodying an avatar when immersed in virtual reality (VR) is known to support the sense of presence and to help with the interaction in a virtual environment. Virtual embodiment is often thought of as the consequence of replacement of the physical body by a virtual one, with a sense of agency for the avatar obtained by making the avatar’s body follow the user’s movements. This unidirectional motor link was, however, challenged by studies observing the opposite effect under different circumstances, for example, in a slow-motion context or when an arm movement was snapped on a predefined axis. These reports are, however, still rare or anecdotal. With the idea of a generalized bidirectional relationship between the user and the avatar in mind, we established a methodology to systematically provoke and study the circumstances under which participants follow the movements of their avatar during long repetitive movements without having been instructed to do so. A preliminary study confirmed that our virtual experimental setup, using full-body motion capture, avatar animation, and virtual mirrors, supports a strong sense of agency and body ownership for the avatar while enabling the experimental manipulation of the avatar’s movement. In the main experimental study, where participants performed repetitive upper- and lower-body movements while their avatar animations were either congruent or out-of-phase, we observed that almost all participants synchronized with their avatar at least once, for ∼47% of trials for lower limb movements and ∼38% for upper limb movements. Participants still reported low agency and ownership for the avatar under the incongruent condition, but, most interestingly, some of them also reported that their movements were not influenced by the avatar despite the behavioral effect. Our methodological approach and results contribute to the characterization of the conditions of occurrence of the self-avatar follower effect and, thereby, to identifying an enriched interaction design for VR, involving complex avatar–user mutual interdependencies.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.3389/frvir.2023.1073549
Author(s)
Boban, Loën  
Strauss, Lucas
Decroix, Hugo
Herbelin, Bruno  
Boulic, Ronan  
Corporate authors
STRC
Date Issued

2023-02-23

Published in
Frontiers in Virtual Reality
Volume

4

Subjects

Virtual Reality

•

Embodiment

•

Avatar

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SCI-IC-RB  
FunderGrant Number

FNS

200020_207424

RelationURL/DOI

IsSupplementedBy

https://zenodo.org/record/7614495
Available on Infoscience
March 8, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/195531
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