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research article

Avoidance of Concave Obstacles Through Rotation of Nonlinear Dynamics

Huber, Lukas  
•
Slotine, Jean-Jacques
•
Billard, Aude  orcid-logo
January 1, 2024
Ieee Transactions On Robotics

Controlling complex tasks in robotic systems, such as circular motion for cleaning or following curvy lines, can be dealt with using nonlinear vector fields. This article introduces a novel approach called the rotational obstacle avoidance method (ROAM) for adapting the initial dynamics when obstacles partially occlude the workspace. ROAM presents a closed-form solution that effectively avoids star-shaped obstacles in spaces of arbitrary dimensions by rotating the initial dynamics toward the tangent space. The algorithm enables navigation within obstacle hulls and can be customized to actively move away from surfaces while guaranteeing the presence of only a single saddle point on the boundary of each obstacle. We introduce a sequence of mappings to extend the approach for general nonlinear dynamics. Moreover, ROAM extends its capabilities to handle multiobstacle environments and provides the ability to constrain dynamics within a safe tube. By utilizing weighted vector-tree summation, we successfully navigate around general concave obstacles represented as a tree-of-stars. Through experimental evaluation, ROAM demonstrates superior performance in minimizing occurrences of local minima and maintaining similarity to the initial dynamics, outperforming existing approaches in multiobstacle simulations. Due to its simplicity, the proposed method is highly reactive and can be applied effectively in dynamic environments. This was demonstrated during the collision-free navigation of a 7-degree-of-freedom robot arm around dynamic obstacles.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1109/TRO.2023.3344034
Web of Science ID

WOS:001181434600001

Author(s)
Huber, Lukas  
Slotine, Jean-Jacques
Billard, Aude  orcid-logo
Date Issued

2024-01-01

Publisher

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc

Published in
Ieee Transactions On Robotics
Volume

40

Start page

1983

End page

2002

Subjects

Technology

•

Collision Avoidance

•

Robots

•

Nonlinear Dynamical Systems

•

Navigation

•

Dynamics

•

Convergence

•

Heuristic Algorithms

•

Autonomous Robots

•

Dynamic Motion

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Motion Planning

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Obstacle Avoidance

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LASA  
FunderGrant Number

EU European Research Council Grant SAHR

Available on Infoscience
April 3, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/206897
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