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  4. Code-based ground motion selection and scaling for seismic assessment: Application to two masonry building case studies
 
research article

Code-based ground motion selection and scaling for seismic assessment: Application to two masonry building case studies

Caicedo, Daniel
•
Tomić, Igor  
•
Karimzadeh, Shaghayegh
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October 1, 2025
Journal of Building Engineering

This paper investigates the applicability and limitations of the guidelines for ground motion selection and scaling provided in the first- and second-generation of Eurocode 8 for the assessment of two unreinforced masonry buildings subjected to bi-directional loading. The numerical case studies consist of two unreinforced masonry buildings: one representative of stiff, monumental structures, and the other characterising tall, slender masonry typologies. Both structures are modelled in OpenSees using three-dimensional macroelements to capture the in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) mechanisms, while also incorporating the effects of non-linear floor-to-wall connections and wall-to-wall interlocking. A total of ten sets of accelerograms are defined following the code-based requirements. These suites of accelerograms differ according to the version of Eurocode 8, seismological constraints, the range of matching, and the matching strategy, either uniform scaling or spectral matching. In addition to the bedrock case, soil classes B and C, defined according to Eurocode 8 prescriptions, are investigated. Subsequently, non-linear time history analyses are conducted for each building. The non-linear response obtained after the action of each set is thoroughly analysed in terms of mean and dispersion. Furthermore, the minimum number of records recommended in the code to characterise the mean seismic demand and its dispersion is examined. Finally, important remarks are drawn regarding ground motion selection and scaling guidelines, specifically oriented to the case of old masonry constructions.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113558
Scopus ID

2-s2.0-105011737693

Author(s)
Caicedo, Daniel

Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering

Tomić, Igor  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Karimzadeh, Shaghayegh

Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering

Bernardo, Vasco

Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil

Beyer, Katrin  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Lourenço, Paulo B.

Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering

Date Issued

2025-10-01

Published in
Journal of Building Engineering
Volume

111

Article Number

113558

Subjects

Eurocode 8

•

Ground motion selection and scaling

•

Non-linear analysis

•

Old masonry buildings

•

Out-of-plane (OOP) response

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
EESD  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

European Research Council

MCTES

R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering

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Available on Infoscience
August 20, 2025
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/253156
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