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research article

Kinetic Control in the Chiral Recognition of Three-Bladed Propellers

Bonnot, Clément
•
Aubert, Emmanuel
•
Banerji, Natalie
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2010
Chemistry - A European Journal

The ion pair of the stereolabile C3-symmetric, i+o proton complex [1⋅H]+ of diaza-macropentacycle 1 and the configurationally stable Δ-TRISPHAT ([Δ-3]−) anion exists in the form of two diastereomers, namely, [Δ-(1⋅H)][Δ-3] and [Λ-(1⋅H)][Δ-3], the ratio of which, in terms of diastereomeric excess (de) decreases in the order [D8]THF (28 %)>CD2Cl2 (22 %)>CDCl3 (20 %)>[D8]toluene (16 %)>C6D6 (7 %)>[D6]acetone (0 %) at thermodynamic equilibrium. Except in the case of [D6]acetone, the latter is reached after a period of time that increases from 1 h ([D8]THF) to 24 h (CDCl3). Moreover, the initial value of the de of [1⋅H][Δ-3] in CDCl3, before the thermodynamic equilibrium is reached, depends on the solvent in which the sample has been previously equilibrated (sample “history”). This property has been used to show that the crystals of [1⋅H][Δ-3] formed by slow evaporation of CH2Cl2/CH3OH mixtures had 100 % de, which indicates that [1⋅H][Δ-3] has enjoyed a crystallization-induced asymmetric transformation. Structural studies in solution (NMR spectroscopy) and in the gas phase by calculations at the semiempirical PM6 level of theory suggest that the optically active anion is docked on the i+ (endo) external side of the proton complex such that one of the aromatic rings of [Δ-3]− is inserted into a groove of [1⋅H]+, a second aromatic ring being placed astride the outside i+ pocket. Solvent polarity controls the thermodynamics of inversion of the [1⋅H]+ propeller. However, both polarity and basicity control its kinetics. Therefore, the rate-limiting steps correspond to the ion-pair separation/recombination and [1⋅H]+/1 deprotonation/protonation processes, rather than the inversion of [1⋅H]+, the latter being likely to take place in the deprotonated form (1).

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1002/chem.200903058
Author(s)
Bonnot, Clément
Aubert, Emmanuel
Banerji, Natalie
Lacour, Jérôme
Espinosa, Enrique
Chambron, Jean-Claude
Date Issued

2010

Published in
Chemistry - A European Journal
Volume

16

Start page

5706

End page

5711

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

OTHER

EPFL units
ISIC  
Available on Infoscience
June 11, 2012
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/81502
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