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  4. Revisiting brain rewiring and plasticity in children born without corpus callosum
 
research article

Revisiting brain rewiring and plasticity in children born without corpus callosum

Siffredi, Vanessa
•
Preti, Maria G.  
•
Obertino, Silvia  
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June 1, 2021
Developmental Science

The corpus callosum is the largest white matter pathway connecting homologous structures of the two cerebral hemispheres. Remarkably, children and adults with developmental absence of the corpus callosum (callosal dysgenesis, CD) show typical interhemispheric integration, which is classically impaired in adult split-brain patients, for whom the corpus callosum is surgically severed. Tovar-Moll and colleagues (2014) proposed alternative neural pathways involved in the preservation of interhemispheric transfer. In a sample of six adults with CD, they revealed two homotopic bundles crossing the midline via the anterior and posterior commissures and connecting parietal cortices, and the microstructural properties of these aberrant bundles were associated with functional connectivity of these regions. The aberrant bundles were specific to CD and not visualised in healthy brains. We extended this study in a developmental cohort of 20 children with CD and 29 typically developing controls (TDC). The two anomalous white-matter bundles were visualised using tractography. Associations between structural properties of these bundles and their regional functional connectivity were explored. The proposed atypical bundles were observed in 30% of our CD cohort crossing via the anterior commissure, and in 30% crossing via the posterior commissure (also observed in 6.9% of TDC). However, the structural property measures of these bundles were not associated with parietal functional connectivity, bringing into question their role and implication for interhemispheric functional connectivity in CD. It is possible that very early disruption of embryological callosal development enhances neuroplasticity and facilitates the formation of these proposed alternative neural pathways, but further evidence is needed.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1111/desc.13126
Web of Science ID

WOS:000656420400001

Author(s)
Siffredi, Vanessa
Preti, Maria G.  
Obertino, Silvia  
Leventer, Richard J.
Wood, Amanda G.
McIlroy, Alissandra
Anderson, Vicki
Spencer-Smith, Megan M.
Van De Ville, Dimitri  
Date Issued

2021-06-01

Publisher

WILEY

Published in
Developmental Science
Volume

24

Issue

6

Article Number

e13126

Subjects

Psychology, Developmental

•

Psychology, Experimental

•

Psychology

•

anterior commissure

•

brain plasticity

•

callosal dysgenesis

•

functional connectivity

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posterior commissure

•

tractography

•

spherical-deconvolution

•

diffusion mri

•

neuropsychological profile

•

agenesis

•

networks

•

absence

•

atlas

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
MIPLAB  
Available on Infoscience
June 19, 2021
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/179331
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