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research article

Positional Embeddings for Solving PDEs with Evolutional Deep Neural Networks

Kast, Mariella  
•
Hesthaven, Jan S.  
July 1, 2024
Journal Of Computational Physics

This work extends the paradigm of evolutional deep neural networks (EDNNs) to solving parametric time -dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) on domains with geometric structure. By introducing positional embeddings based on eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator, geometric properties are encoded intrinsically and Dirichlet, Neumann and periodic boundary conditions of the PDE solution are enforced directly through the neural network architecture. The proposed embeddings lead to improved error convergence for static PDEs and extend EDNNs towards computational domains of realistic complexity. Several steps are taken to improve performance of EDNNs: Solving the EDNN update equation with a Krylov solver avoids the explicit assembly of Jacobians and enables scaling to larger neural networks. Computational efficiency is further improved by an ad -hoc active sampling scheme that uses the PDE dynamics to effectively sample collocation points. A modified linearly implicit Rosenbrock method is proposed to alleviate the time step requirements of stiff PDEs. Lastly, a completely training -free approach, which automatically enforces initial conditions and only requires time integration, is compared against EDNNs that are trained on the initial conditions. We report results for the Korteweg-de Vries equation, a nonlinear heat equation and (nonlinear) advection-diffusion problems on domains with and without holes and various boundary conditions, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The numerical results highlight EDNNs as a promising surrogate model for parametrized PDEs with slow decaying Kolmogorov n-width.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.jcp.2024.112986
Web of Science ID

WOS:001224773900001

Author(s)
Kast, Mariella  
Hesthaven, Jan S.  
Date Issued

2024-07-01

Published in
Journal Of Computational Physics
Volume

508

Article Number

112986

Subjects

Scientific Machine Learning

•

Reduced Order Models

•

Many Query Applications

•

Partial Differential Equations

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
MCSS  
Available on Infoscience
August 7, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/199644
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