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research article

Continuous pulse advances in the negative ion source NIO1

Barbisan, M.
•
Agnello, R.  
•
Cavenago, M.
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September 1, 2023
Journal Of Instrumentation

Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL have designed, built and operated the compact radiofrequency negative ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization phase 1) with the aim of studying the production and acceleration of H- ions. In particular, NIO1 was designed to keep plasma generation and beam extraction continuously active for several hours. Since 2020 the production of negative ions at the plasma grid (the first grid of the acceleration system) has been enhanced by a Cs layer, deposited though active Cs evaporation in the source volume. For the negative ion sources applied to fusion neutral beam injectors, it is essential to keep the beam current and the fraction of co-extracted electrons stable for at least 1 h, against the consequences of Cs sputtering and redistribution operated by the plasma. The paper presents the latest results of the NIO1 source, in terms of caesiation process and beam performances during continuous (6 ÷ 7 h) plasma pulses. Due to the small dimensions of the NIO1 source (20 cmx∅10 cm), the Cs density in the volume is high (10^(15) ÷ 10^(16) m^(-3)) and dominated by plasma-wall interaction. The maximum beam current density and minimum fraction of co-extracted electrons were respectively about 30 A/m² and 2. Similarly to what done in other negative ion sources, the plasma grid temperature in NIO1 was raised for the first time, up to 80 & DEG;C, although this led to a minimal improvement of the beam current and to an increase of the co-extracted electron current. KEYWORDS: Ion sources (positive ions, negative ions, electron cyclotron resonance (ECR), electron beam (EBIS)); Plasma generation (laser-produced, RF, x ray-produced); Plasma diagnostics interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1088/1748-0221/18/09/C09002
Web of Science ID

WOS:001070815900001

Author(s)
Barbisan, M.
Agnello, R.  
Cavenago, M.
Delogu, R. S.
Pimazzoni, A.
Balconi, L.
Barbato, P.
Baseggio, L.
Castagni, A.
Duteil, B. Pouradier  
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Date Issued

2023-09-01

Published in
Journal Of Instrumentation
Volume

18

Issue

9

Article Number

C09002

Subjects

Instruments & Instrumentation

•

Instruments & Instrumentation

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SPC  
Available on Infoscience
October 23, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/201830
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