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  4. Design of Hesitation Gestures for Nonverbal Human-Robot Negotiation of Conflicts
 
research article

Design of Hesitation Gestures for Nonverbal Human-Robot Negotiation of Conflicts

Moon, Ajung
•
Hashmi, Maneezhay
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Van der Loos, H. F. Machiel
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July 1, 2021
Acm Transactions On Human-Robot Interaction

When the question of who should get access to a communal resource first is uncertain, people often negotiate via nonverbal communication to resolve the conflict. What should a robot be programmed to do when such conflicts arise in Human-Robot Interaction? The answer to this question varies depending on the context of the situation. Learning from how humans use hesitation gestures to negotiate a solution in such conflict situations, we present a human-inspired design of nonverbal hesitation gestures that can be used for Human-Robot Negotiation. We extracted characteristic features of such negotiative hesitations humans use, and subsequently designed a trajectory generator (Negotiative Hesitation Generator) that can re-create the features in robot responses to conflicts. Our human-subjects experiment demonstrates the efficacy of the designed robot behaviour against non-negotiative stopping behaviour of a robot. With positive results from our human-robot interaction experiment, we provide a validated trajectory generator with which one can explore the dynamics of human-robot nonverbal negotiation of resource conflicts.

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