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research article

DEMO toroidal field coil fast discharge unit integration studies

Franke, Thomas
•
Bajari, Janos Balazs
•
Cufar, Aljaz
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March 4, 2024
Fusion Engineering And Design

The Fast Discharge Units (FDUs) of the Superconducting (SC) Toroidal Field (TF) coils in the European demonstration fusion power plant DEMO warrant the machine integrity over its full lifetime against severe failure events, such as SC coil quenches or any other plant events requiring the safe TF magnet system discharge. A low (75 kA) and a high current (105 kA) configuration are under study for the TF coils for DEMO. The FDUs must be extremely reliable for the purpose of commutating in short time (similar to 1 s) the currents and to discharge the TF magnets safely into resistors outside of the tokamak building. Malfunctions of the FDUs must be avoided. The FDUs are considered as Safety Important Class (SIC) components that need to discharge high amounts of energy of about 161 GJ (@75 kA) resp. 118 GJ (@105 kA) stored in the DEMO TF coils. The TF FDUs Circuit Breakers (CBs) shall be installed in the lower level of the tokamak to minimize the length of the connecting busbars. The FDUs integration is challenging because of the high neutron and gamma radiation and stray magnetic fields of the tokamak. Since in DEMO the neutron fluence over lifetime is much higher than in ITER, the problems of using FDUs with electronic subsystems was expected to be more severe, so that their integration has been considered from the beginning of the DEMO project. Sufficient shielding or possible re-positioning of the whole FDUs or sensitive FDU components compared to ITER are being investigated, to reduce the neutron fluxes and neutron and gamma ray fluences. Alternative concepts, e.g., fully mechanical CBs are studied in the EUROfusion Work Package Plant Electrical System (WPPES) in parallel. This paper presents the CAD integration work on the DEMO TF FDUs supported by neutronics assessments. It is assumed the same FDU technology as in ITER. The magnet feeder<acute accent>s integration is commenced at the same time.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114267
Web of Science ID

WOS:001222535500001

Author(s)
Franke, Thomas
Bajari, Janos Balazs
Cufar, Aljaz
Ferro, Alberto
Gliss, Curt
Guarino, Roberto  
Leichtle, Dieter
Zito, Pietro
Date Issued

2024-03-04

Publisher

Elsevier Science Sa

Published in
Fusion Engineering And Design
Volume

201

Article Number

114267

Subjects

Technology

•

Fast Discharge Units

•

Tokamak Integration

•

Toroidal Field Coils

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SPC  
FunderGrant Number

European Union

101052200

Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)

Available on Infoscience
June 5, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/208357
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