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research article

SAT-based Exact Modulo Scheduling Mapping for Resource-Constrained CGRAs

Tirelli, Cristian
•
Sapriza, Juan  
•
Rodríguez Álvarez, Rubén  
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April 8, 2024
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems

Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) represent emerging low-power architectures designed to accelerate Compute-Intensive Loops (CILs). The effectiveness of CGRAs in providing acceleration relies on the quality of mapping: how efficiently the CIL is compiled onto the platform. State of the Art (SoA) compilation techniques utilize modulo scheduling to minimize the Iteration Interval (II) and use graph algorithms like Max-Clique Enumeration to address mapping challenges. Our work approaches the mapping problem through a satisfiability (SAT) formulation. We introduce the Kernel Mobility Schedule (KMS), an ad-hoc schedule used with the Data Flow Graph and CGRA architectural information to generate Boolean statements that, when satisfied, yield a valid mapping. Experimental results demonstrate SAT-MapIt outperforming SoA alternatives in almost 50% of explored benchmarks. Additionally, we evaluated the mapping results in a synthesizable CGRA design and emphasized the run-time metrics trends, i.e. energy efficiency and latency, across different CILs and CGRA sizes. We show that a hardware-agnostic analysis performed on compiler-level metrics can optimally prune the architectural design space, while still retaining Pareto-optimal configurations. Moreover, by exploring how implementation details impact cost and performance on real hardware, we highlight the importance of holistic software-to-hardware mapping flows, as the one presented herein.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.48550/arXiv.2402.12834
Author(s)
Tirelli, Cristian
Sapriza, Juan  
Rodríguez Álvarez, Rubén  
Ferretti, Lorenzo
Denkinger, Benoît Walter  
Ansaloni, Giovanni  
Miranda Calero, José Angel  
Atienza Alonso, David  
Pozzi, Laura  
Date Issued

2024-04-08

Published in
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems
Subjects

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays

•

Hardware acceleration

•

Modulo Scheduling

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
ESL  
FunderGrant Number

H2020

101016776

Swiss foundations

200020-182009

Swiss foundations

200020-188613

Available on Infoscience
May 29, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/208144
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