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  4. Beam homogeneity of caesium seeded SPIDER using a direct beamlet current measurement
 
research article

Beam homogeneity of caesium seeded SPIDER using a direct beamlet current measurement

Shepherd, Alastair
•
Patton, Tommaso
•
Duteil, Basile Pouradier  
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March 2, 2023
Fusion Engineering And Design

The ITER Heating Neutral Beam (HNB) source prototype SPIDER (Source for the Production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from a Radio frequency plasma), hosted at the Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) in Padova, Italy, has recently started operating with evaporated caesium in the source. This moves the primary symbolscript production mechanism from volume to surface processes, increasing the extracted symbolscript current while decreasing the co-extracted electron current. As in volume operation, the beam exhibits inhomogeneities across the vertical profile due to magnetic drifts, a result of the transverse filter field, which is vital for reducing the electron temperature near the extraction region. To minimise the occurrence of electrical discharges, SPIDER has been operated with a diminished number of extraction apertures to minimise the vessel pressure/ion source pressure ratio by means of a mask, which reduces the gas flow conductance between the source and the vessel. Therefore, it has been possible to directly measure the current of individual beamlets, due to the increased room between the beamlets, using the non-invasive Beamlet Current Monitor (BCM) diagnostic. Using measurements of five individual beamlets the homogeneity of the SPIDER symbolscript beam has been assessed, in a range of operating conditions with caesium in the source. The dependence of the beam homogeneity on source parameters (bias, filter field, RF power) has been observed, while increasing the Cs evaporation rate and unbalancing the power of the RF generators have proven to be effective at mitigating the beam inhomogeneity.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113599
Web of Science ID

WOS:000953142400001

Author(s)
Shepherd, Alastair
Patton, Tommaso
Duteil, Basile Pouradier  
Pimazzoni, Antonio
Garola, Andrea Rigoni
Sartori, Emanuele
Date Issued

2023-03-02

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA

Published in
Fusion Engineering And Design
Volume

192

Article Number

113599

Subjects

Nuclear Science & Technology

•

spider

•

negative-ion source

•

beam current

•

beam optics

•

beam uniformity

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SPC  
Available on Infoscience
April 10, 2023
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/196853
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