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research article

Toward Super Temporal Resolution by Suppression of Mixing Effects of Electrons

Nguyen Hoai Ngo
•
Etoh, Takeharu Goji
•
Shimonomura, Kazuhiro
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April 29, 2022
Ieee Transactions On Electron Devices

The theoretical temporal resolution limit of silicon (Si) image sensors is 11.1 ps. The super temporal resolution (STR) is defined as a frame interval less than this limit. The temporal resolution of burst image sensors is significantly affected by ``mixing'' of signal electrons traveling from different starting positions. For example, the penetration depths of photons incident to a surface of a photodiode (PD) disperse exponentially, resulting in mixing of the photoelectrons from different depths at the other end, which causes a distribution of the arrival times. The temporal resolution is proportional to the standard deviation of the arrival time. Toward STR imaging, this article proposes measures to suppress various mixing phenomena during the travel of the signal electrons: 1) a germanium (Ge) PD for visible light to practically eliminate the effect of vertical mixing caused by the distribution of the penetration depth; 2) an inverted pyramid PD to efficiently suppress the horizontal mixing, keeping a 100% fill factor; 3) a standard column PD with negative potential on the vertical walls to squeeze the trajectory bundle of electrons falling on the guide gate on the front side; and 4) a resistive guide gate to linearize the potential profile to maximize the horizontal drift velocity to minimize the mixing together with the squeezed electron bundle.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1109/TED.2022.3168617
Web of Science ID

WOS:000791742200001

Author(s)
Nguyen Hoai Ngo
Etoh, Takeharu Goji
Shimonomura, Kazuhiro
Ando, Taeko
Matsunaga, Yoshiyuki
Shimura, Takayoshi
Watanabe, Heiji
Mutoh, Hideki
Kamakura, Yoshinari
Charbon, Edoardo  
Date Issued

2022-04-29

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC

Published in
Ieee Transactions On Electron Devices
Volume

69

Issue

6

Start page

2879

End page

2885

Subjects

Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

•

Physics, Applied

•

Engineering

•

Physics

•

silicon

•

logic gates

•

germanium

•

image resolution

•

boron

•

image sensors

•

trajectory

•

high-speed image sensor pyramid photodiode (pd)

•

resistive gate

•

super temporal resolution

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

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Available on Infoscience
May 23, 2022
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/188082
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