Driven by the exponentially growing demand for capacity, it is already apparent that the next generation of telecommunication networks will be radically different from previous implementations; coherent detection along with powerful digital signal processing will be deployed to maximize the available capacity of each fiber strand within the network. However, applied in isolation these techniques will only delay the inevitable "capacity crunch" by a few years and without radical innovation in the basic internet infrastructure future internet growth will be severely constrained. Research on new transmission fibers and amplifiers is therefore now urgently required. In this workshop we will review and discuss some of the potential technological options and consider their potential and viability of these from a capacity, power handling and energy sustainability perspective. Speakers: