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  4. Enzymatic Conversion of epsilon-Hexachlorocyclohexane and a Heptachlorocyclohexane Isomer, Two Neglected Components of Technical Hexachlorocyclohexane
 
research article

Enzymatic Conversion of epsilon-Hexachlorocyclohexane and a Heptachlorocyclohexane Isomer, Two Neglected Components of Technical Hexachlorocyclohexane

Bala, Kiran
•
Geueke, Birgit
•
Miska, Milena E.
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2012
Environmental Science & Technology

alpha-, beta, gamma-, and delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), the four major isomers of technical HCH, are susceptible to biotic transformations, whereby only alpha- and gamma-HCH undergo complete mineralization. Nevertheless, LinA and LinB catalyzing HCl elimination and hydrolytic dehalogenations, respectively, as initial steps in the mineralization also convert beta- and delta-HCH to a variety of mainly hydroxylated metabolites. In this study, we describe the isolation of two minor components of technical HCH, epsilon-HCH, and heptachlorocyclohexane (HeCH), and we present data on enzymatic transformations of both compounds by two dehydrochlorinases (LinA1 and LinA2) and a haloalkane dehalogenase (LinB) from Sphingobium indicum B90A. In contrast to reactions with alpha-, gamma-, and delta-HCH, both LinA enzymes converted epsilon-HCH to a mixture of 1,2,4-, 1,2,3-, and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzenes without the accumulation. of pentachlorocyclohexene as intermediate. Furthermore, both LinA enzymes were able to convert HeCH to a mixture of 1,2.3,4- and 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene. LinB hydroxylated epsilon-HCH to pentachlorocyclohexanol and tetrachlorocyclohexane-1,4-diol, whereas hexachlorocyclohexanol was the sole product when HeCH was incubated with LinB. The data clearly indicate that various metabolites are formed from minor components of technical HCH mixtures. Such metabolites will contribute to the overall toxic potential of HCH contaminations and may constitute serious, yet unknown environmental risks and must not be neglected in proper risk assessments.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1021/es204143x
Web of Science ID

WOS:000302850400060

Author(s)
Bala, Kiran
Geueke, Birgit
Miska, Milena E.
Rentsch, Daniel
Poiger, Thomas
Dadhwal, Mandeep
Lal, Rup
Holliger, Christof  
Kohler, Hans-Peter E.
Date Issued

2012

Published in
Environmental Science & Technology
Volume

46

Start page

4051

End page

4058

Subjects

Sphingomonas-Paucimobilis B90A

•

Delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane

•

Alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

•

Lin Genes

•

Degradation

•

Gamma

•

Systems

•

Beta

•

Soil

•

Hch

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

OTHER

EPFL units
LBE  
Available on Infoscience
May 11, 2012
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/80267
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