Lightning-induced overvoltages transferred through distribution power transformers
2009
Abstract
This paper deals with the calculation of lightning-induced overvoltages on medium-voltage (MV) and low-voltage (LV) distribution networks taking into account the presence of MV-LV distribution transformers and, in particular, the surge transfer through them. The influence of the high-frequency model adopted for the representation of the power transformer on the calculation results is analyzed, with regards to two different models, both identified and validated by means of laboratory measurements: namely, a simple π of capacitances, and the more complex one introduced by Morched, Marti, and Ottevangers in 1993. Accurate simulation results provide information on the adequacy of both models for the calculations of interest. Additional results, useful to evaluate the expected level of power quality and the benefits achievable by a proper installation of protection devices, are presented making reference to a realistic and complex configuration of an overhead distribution system. © 2008 IEEE.
Details
Title
Lightning-induced overvoltages transferred through distribution power transformers
Author(s)
Borghetti, A. ; Morched, A. S. ; Napolitano, F. ; Nucci, C. A. ; Paolone, M.
Published in
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
Volume
24
Issue
1
Pages
360-372
Date
2009
ISSN
08858977
Keywords
Electromagnetic transients; High-frequency transformer models; Lightning-induced overvoltages; Mediumvoltage (MV) and low-voltage (LV) insulation coordination; Power quality (PQ); Coordination reactions; Distributed parameter networks; Distribution of goods; Electric equipment protection; Electric instrument transformers; Electric insulation coordination; Electric measuring instruments; Electric power distribution; Electric transformer insulation; Lightning; Power quality; Surge protection; Transformer protection; Transformer substations; Transients; Accurate simulations; Complex configurations; Distribution networks; Distribution systems; Distribution transformers; High-frequency models; Laboratory measurements; Protection devices; Power transformers
Note
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna 40136, Italy CYME International TandD, St.-Bruno, QC J3V 3P8, Canada
Cited By (since 1996): 18
Export Date: 25 April 2012
Source: Scopus
CODEN: ITPDE
doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2008.2002674
Language of Original Document: English
Correspondence Address: Borghetti, A.; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna 40136, Italy
References: (2004) IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power Overhead Distribution Lines, , IEEE Std. 1410; C. Mirra, A. Porrino, A. Ardito, and C. A. Nucci, Lightning over-voltages in low voltage networks, in Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Exhibit. Electricity Distribution, Birmingham, U.K., Jun. 1997, 2, pp. 19/1-19/6Rusck, S., Protection of distribution systems (1977) Lightning, 2, pp. 747-771. , R. H. Golde, Ed. New York: Academic Press; Nucci, C.A., Rachidi, F., Interaction of electromagnetic fields with electrical networks generated by lightning (2003) ser, 34. , The Lightning Flash: Physical and Engineering Aspects, V. Cooray, Ed. London, U.K, Inst. Elect. Eng. Press, ch. 8; Høidalen, H.K., Analytical formulation of lightning-induced voltages on multiconductor overhead lines above lossy ground (2003) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 45 (1), pp. 92-100. , Feb; Petrache, E., Rachidi, F., Paolone, M., Nucci, C.A., Rakov, V.A., Uman, M.A., Lightning-induced disturbances in buried cables - Part I: Theory (2005) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 47 (3), pp. 498-508. , Aug; M. Paolone, E. Petrache, F. Rachidi, C. A. Nucci, V. A. Rakov, M. A. Uman, D. Jordan, K. Rambo, J. Jerauld, M. Nyffeler, and J. Schoene, Lightning-induced disturbances in buried cables - Part II: Experiment and model validation, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., 47, no. 3, pp. 498-508, 509-520, Aug. 2005Pérez, H., Ming, Y., Scuka, V., Induced overvoltages in low voltage power installations caused by lightning electromagnetic impulses (1993) CIGRE Symp. Power Syst. Electromagn. Compat, , presented at the, Lausanne, Switzerland, Oct, paper 500-04; Galvan, A., Cooray, V., Thottappillil, R., A technique for the evaluation of lightning-induced voltages in complex low-voltage power-installation networks (2001) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 43 (3), pp. 402-409. , Aug; Høidalen, H.K., Huse, J., Dahlslett, F., Aalborg, T., Impacts of lightning-induced overvoltages on power quality in low-voltage distribution systems (2000) Proc. 25th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 564-569. , Rhodes, Greece, Sep; Borghetti, A., Iorio, R., Nucci, C.A., Pelacchi, P., Calculation of voltages induced by nearby lightning on overhead lines terminated on distribution transformers (1995) Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Power Systems Transients, pp. 311-316. , Lisbon, Portugal, Sep; Piantini, A., Malagodi, C.V.S., Voltage surges transferred to the secondary of distribution transformers (1999) Proc. 11th Int. Symp. High Voltage Engineering, 1, pp. 365-368. , London, U.K, Aug; Manyahi, M.J., Thottappillil, R., Simplified model for estimation of lightning induced transient transfer through distribution transformer (2005) Elect. Power Energy Syst, 27, pp. 241-253; Morched, A., Martí, L., Ottevangers, J., A high-frequency transformer model for the EMTP (1993) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 8 (3), pp. 1615-1626. , Jul; Vaessen, P.T.M., Transformer model for high frequencies (1988) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 3 (4), pp. 1761-1768. , Oct; Wilcox, D.J., Hurley, W.G., McHale, T.P., Conlon, M., Application of modified modal theory in the modelling of practical transformers (1992) Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. C, 139, pp. 513-520. , Nov; Noda, T., Nakamoto, H., Yokoyama, S., Accurate modeling of core-type distribution transformers for electromagnetic transient studies (2002) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 17 (4), pp. 969-976. , Oct; Gustavsen, B., Wide band modeling of power transformers (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (1), pp. 414-422. , Jan; Gustavsen, B., Frequency-dependent modeling of power transformers with ungrounded windings (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (3), pp. 1328-1334. , Jul; Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) Rule Book, Bonneville Power Administration, 1984, Portland, ORBorghetti, A., Gutierrez, J.A., Nucci, C.A., Paolone, M., Petrache, E., Rachidi, F., Lightning-induced voltages on complex distribution systems: Models, advanced software tools and experimental validation (2004) J. Electrostat, 60 (2-4), pp. 163-174; Agrawal, A.K., Price, H.J., Gurbaxani, S.H., Transient response of a multiconductor transmission line excited by a nonuniform electromagnetic field (1980) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, EMC-22 (2), pp. 119-129. , May; Nucci, C.A., Mazzetti, C., Rachidi, F., Ianoz, M., On lightning return stroke models for LEMP calculations (1988) Proc. 19th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 463-470. , Graz, Austria, Apr; Rachidi, F., Nucci, C.A., On the Master, Lin, Uman, Standler and the modified transmission line lightning return stroke current models (1990) J. Geophys. Res, 95, pp. 20389-20394. , Nov; Cooray, V., Horizontal fields generated by return strokes (1992) Radio Sci, 27, pp. 529-537; Rubinstein, M., An approximate formula for the calculation of the horizontal electric field from lightning at close, intermediate, and long range (1996) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 38 (3), pp. 531-535. , Aug; Piantini, A., Janiszewski, J.M., Borghetti, A., Nucci, C.A., Paolone, M., A scale model for the study of the LEMP response of complex power distribution networks (2007) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 22 (1), pp. 710-720. , Jan; Paolone, M., Schoene, J., Uman, M.A., Rakov, V.A., Jordan, D., Rambo, K., Jerauld, J., Petrache, E., Testing of the LIOV-EMTP96 code for computing lightning-induced currents on real distribution lines: Triggered-lightning experiments (2004) Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 286-290. , Avignon, France; Chimklai, S., Marti, J.R., Simplified three-phase transformer model for electromagnetictransient studies (1995) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 10 (3), pp. 1316-1325. , Jul; Gustavsen, B., Semlyen, A., Rational approximation of frequency domain responses by vector fitting (1999) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 4 (3), pp. 1052-1061. , Jul; Gustavsen, B., Improving the pole relocating properties of vector fitting (2006) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 21 (3), pp. 1587-1592. , Jul; Deschrijver, D., Gustavsen, B., Dhaene, T., Advancements in iterative methods for rational approximation in the frequency domain (2007) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 22 (3), pp. 1633-1642. , Jul; Weinberg, L., Slepian, P., Realizability conditions on n-port network (1958) Inst. Radio Eng. Trans. Circuit Theory, pp. 217-221. , Sep; Gustavsen, B., Semlyen, A., Enforcing passivity for admittance matrices approximated by rational functions (2001) IEEE Trans. Power Syst, 16 (1), pp. 97-104. , Feb; Mousavi, A.M., Frequency-domain equivalents for passive networks, (1999), Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng, Univ. Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaCoelho, C.P., Phillips, J., Silveira, L.M., A convex programming approach for generating guaranteed passive approximations to tabulated frequency-data (2004) IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst, 23 (2), pp. 293-301. , Feb; Heidler, F., Analytische blitzstromfunktion zur LEMP-berechnung (1985) Proc. 18th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 63-66. , Munich, Germany, Sep; Greenwood, A., (1991) Electrical Transients in Power Systems, , New York: Wiley; Modeling guidelines for fast front transients (1996) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 11 (1), pp. 493-506. , IEEE Fast Front Transients Task Force, Jan; Darveniza, M., Mercer, D.R., Lightning protection of pole mounted transformers (1989) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 4 (2), pp. 1087-1095. , Apr; Paolone, M., Nucci, C.A., Rachidi, F., Petrache, E., Mitigation of lightning-induced overvoltages in medium voltage distribution lines by means of periodical grounding of shielding wires and of surge arresters: Modeling and experimental validation (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (1), pp. 423-431. , Jan
Cited By (since 1996): 18
Export Date: 25 April 2012
Source: Scopus
CODEN: ITPDE
doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2008.2002674
Language of Original Document: English
Correspondence Address: Borghetti, A.; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna 40136, Italy
References: (2004) IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power Overhead Distribution Lines, , IEEE Std. 1410; C. Mirra, A. Porrino, A. Ardito, and C. A. Nucci, Lightning over-voltages in low voltage networks, in Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Exhibit. Electricity Distribution, Birmingham, U.K., Jun. 1997, 2, pp. 19/1-19/6Rusck, S., Protection of distribution systems (1977) Lightning, 2, pp. 747-771. , R. H. Golde, Ed. New York: Academic Press; Nucci, C.A., Rachidi, F., Interaction of electromagnetic fields with electrical networks generated by lightning (2003) ser, 34. , The Lightning Flash: Physical and Engineering Aspects, V. Cooray, Ed. London, U.K, Inst. Elect. Eng. Press, ch. 8; Høidalen, H.K., Analytical formulation of lightning-induced voltages on multiconductor overhead lines above lossy ground (2003) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 45 (1), pp. 92-100. , Feb; Petrache, E., Rachidi, F., Paolone, M., Nucci, C.A., Rakov, V.A., Uman, M.A., Lightning-induced disturbances in buried cables - Part I: Theory (2005) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 47 (3), pp. 498-508. , Aug; M. Paolone, E. Petrache, F. Rachidi, C. A. Nucci, V. A. Rakov, M. A. Uman, D. Jordan, K. Rambo, J. Jerauld, M. Nyffeler, and J. Schoene, Lightning-induced disturbances in buried cables - Part II: Experiment and model validation, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., 47, no. 3, pp. 498-508, 509-520, Aug. 2005Pérez, H., Ming, Y., Scuka, V., Induced overvoltages in low voltage power installations caused by lightning electromagnetic impulses (1993) CIGRE Symp. Power Syst. Electromagn. Compat, , presented at the, Lausanne, Switzerland, Oct, paper 500-04; Galvan, A., Cooray, V., Thottappillil, R., A technique for the evaluation of lightning-induced voltages in complex low-voltage power-installation networks (2001) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 43 (3), pp. 402-409. , Aug; Høidalen, H.K., Huse, J., Dahlslett, F., Aalborg, T., Impacts of lightning-induced overvoltages on power quality in low-voltage distribution systems (2000) Proc. 25th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 564-569. , Rhodes, Greece, Sep; Borghetti, A., Iorio, R., Nucci, C.A., Pelacchi, P., Calculation of voltages induced by nearby lightning on overhead lines terminated on distribution transformers (1995) Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Power Systems Transients, pp. 311-316. , Lisbon, Portugal, Sep; Piantini, A., Malagodi, C.V.S., Voltage surges transferred to the secondary of distribution transformers (1999) Proc. 11th Int. Symp. High Voltage Engineering, 1, pp. 365-368. , London, U.K, Aug; Manyahi, M.J., Thottappillil, R., Simplified model for estimation of lightning induced transient transfer through distribution transformer (2005) Elect. Power Energy Syst, 27, pp. 241-253; Morched, A., Martí, L., Ottevangers, J., A high-frequency transformer model for the EMTP (1993) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 8 (3), pp. 1615-1626. , Jul; Vaessen, P.T.M., Transformer model for high frequencies (1988) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 3 (4), pp. 1761-1768. , Oct; Wilcox, D.J., Hurley, W.G., McHale, T.P., Conlon, M., Application of modified modal theory in the modelling of practical transformers (1992) Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. C, 139, pp. 513-520. , Nov; Noda, T., Nakamoto, H., Yokoyama, S., Accurate modeling of core-type distribution transformers for electromagnetic transient studies (2002) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 17 (4), pp. 969-976. , Oct; Gustavsen, B., Wide band modeling of power transformers (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (1), pp. 414-422. , Jan; Gustavsen, B., Frequency-dependent modeling of power transformers with ungrounded windings (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (3), pp. 1328-1334. , Jul; Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) Rule Book, Bonneville Power Administration, 1984, Portland, ORBorghetti, A., Gutierrez, J.A., Nucci, C.A., Paolone, M., Petrache, E., Rachidi, F., Lightning-induced voltages on complex distribution systems: Models, advanced software tools and experimental validation (2004) J. Electrostat, 60 (2-4), pp. 163-174; Agrawal, A.K., Price, H.J., Gurbaxani, S.H., Transient response of a multiconductor transmission line excited by a nonuniform electromagnetic field (1980) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, EMC-22 (2), pp. 119-129. , May; Nucci, C.A., Mazzetti, C., Rachidi, F., Ianoz, M., On lightning return stroke models for LEMP calculations (1988) Proc. 19th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 463-470. , Graz, Austria, Apr; Rachidi, F., Nucci, C.A., On the Master, Lin, Uman, Standler and the modified transmission line lightning return stroke current models (1990) J. Geophys. Res, 95, pp. 20389-20394. , Nov; Cooray, V., Horizontal fields generated by return strokes (1992) Radio Sci, 27, pp. 529-537; Rubinstein, M., An approximate formula for the calculation of the horizontal electric field from lightning at close, intermediate, and long range (1996) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 38 (3), pp. 531-535. , Aug; Piantini, A., Janiszewski, J.M., Borghetti, A., Nucci, C.A., Paolone, M., A scale model for the study of the LEMP response of complex power distribution networks (2007) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 22 (1), pp. 710-720. , Jan; Paolone, M., Schoene, J., Uman, M.A., Rakov, V.A., Jordan, D., Rambo, K., Jerauld, J., Petrache, E., Testing of the LIOV-EMTP96 code for computing lightning-induced currents on real distribution lines: Triggered-lightning experiments (2004) Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 286-290. , Avignon, France; Chimklai, S., Marti, J.R., Simplified three-phase transformer model for electromagnetictransient studies (1995) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 10 (3), pp. 1316-1325. , Jul; Gustavsen, B., Semlyen, A., Rational approximation of frequency domain responses by vector fitting (1999) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 4 (3), pp. 1052-1061. , Jul; Gustavsen, B., Improving the pole relocating properties of vector fitting (2006) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 21 (3), pp. 1587-1592. , Jul; Deschrijver, D., Gustavsen, B., Dhaene, T., Advancements in iterative methods for rational approximation in the frequency domain (2007) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 22 (3), pp. 1633-1642. , Jul; Weinberg, L., Slepian, P., Realizability conditions on n-port network (1958) Inst. Radio Eng. Trans. Circuit Theory, pp. 217-221. , Sep; Gustavsen, B., Semlyen, A., Enforcing passivity for admittance matrices approximated by rational functions (2001) IEEE Trans. Power Syst, 16 (1), pp. 97-104. , Feb; Mousavi, A.M., Frequency-domain equivalents for passive networks, (1999), Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng, Univ. Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaCoelho, C.P., Phillips, J., Silveira, L.M., A convex programming approach for generating guaranteed passive approximations to tabulated frequency-data (2004) IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst, 23 (2), pp. 293-301. , Feb; Heidler, F., Analytische blitzstromfunktion zur LEMP-berechnung (1985) Proc. 18th Int. Conf. Lightning Protection, pp. 63-66. , Munich, Germany, Sep; Greenwood, A., (1991) Electrical Transients in Power Systems, , New York: Wiley; Modeling guidelines for fast front transients (1996) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 11 (1), pp. 493-506. , IEEE Fast Front Transients Task Force, Jan; Darveniza, M., Mercer, D.R., Lightning protection of pole mounted transformers (1989) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 4 (2), pp. 1087-1095. , Apr; Paolone, M., Nucci, C.A., Rachidi, F., Petrache, E., Mitigation of lightning-induced overvoltages in medium voltage distribution lines by means of periodical grounding of shielding wires and of surge arresters: Modeling and experimental validation (2004) IEEE Trans. Power Del, 19 (1), pp. 423-431. , Jan
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Scientific production and competences > STI - School of Engineering > IEM - Institut d'Electricité et de Microtechnique > DESL - Distributed Electrical Systems Laboratory - EOS Holding Chair
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2012-05-01