A new approach to the configuration and operation of electrical distribution networks is proposed. Traditionally, the medium-voltage part of the electrical grid is operated in a centralized and static manner. In the context of electric sector deregulation and electric market liberalization, the pertinence of this central organization is no longer ensured.This paper presents an alternative approach based on a multi-agent system, implementing a distributed control algorithm. Concepts used in communication networks have been applied and adapted to the electrical supply system.