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Novel Approaches for Ruthenium Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Addition Reactions
A new catalytic procedure for atom-transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions is described. The combination of the ruthenium(III) complex [RuCl2Cp*(PPh3)] with magnesium allows these reactions to be performed under mild conditions with high efficiency. It is suggested that magnesium acts as a reducing agent that generates and regenerates the catalytically active ruthenium(II) species. With magnesium as the co-catalyst, various dinuclear ruthenium ethylene and β-diketiminato-ruthenium complexes were tested in ATRA and ATRC reactions. It was found that these complexes in combination with Mg are potent catalysts. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of [Cp*OsBr2(PPh3)] in conjunction with Mg as the co-catalyst has been evaluated. The Os complex allowed to perform the reactions with similar efficiency as the analogous Ru complex [Cp*RuCl2(PPh3)]. A novel method for the synthesis of substituted cyclopropanes is described. Olefins are reacted with 1,1'-dichlorides in a Ru-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition process and the resulting 1,3-dichlorides are directly converted into cyclopropanes by reductive coupling with magnesium. This one-pot reaction is applicable to a variety of substrates and can be performed in an inter – or intramolecular fashion. A sequential intermolecular ATRA reaction is reported. By using an excess of the olefin, the ATRA mono adduct can be directly coupled with a second equivalent of olefin to give 1,5-dichlorides. These "double Kharasch" products can be employed in a following dechlorination step to give substituted cyclopentanes. The possibility of performing ATRA reactions in an enantioselective fashion was explored. Ruthenium complexes with different P-chiral phoshines or phosphoramidites were tested for selectivity in combination with magnesium.
Keywords: catalysis ; carbocycle ; cyclization ; cyclopropane ; magnesium ; radical reaction ; ruthenium ; catalyse ; carbocycle ; cyclisation ; cyclopropane ; magnésium ; réaction radicalaire ; ruthénium
Thèse École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 4757 (2010)Programme doctoral Chimie et Génie chimique
Faculté des sciences de base
Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques
Laboratoire de chimie supramoléculaire
Reference
Record created on 2010-05-20, modified on 2017-05-12