Miniaturized Foldable Electrodes with Direct CMOS Integration for Implantable Applications
This study demonstrates the feasibility of directly integrating foldable microelectrodes (starting from 250 μ m width and 1600 μ m length) with CMOS front-end for implantable biomedical applications. Mechanical robustness was evaluated through Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations and validated by implantation into an agarose phantom, showing no structural failure. Electrical performance was assessed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurement, with results in agreement with values reported in the literature, confirming the integrity of the microfabrication process. Additionally, an electrochemical sensing front-end was also designed, consisting of a full-custom digital potentiostat to illustrate functional capability. This study presents a complete and reproducible microfabrication workflow, providing a promising foundation for future development of highly integrated, minimally invasive bioelectronic interfaces.
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Qian, J., Coronese, M., Pafundo, A., Meimandi, A., Barbruni, G. L., Carminati, M., & Carrara, S. (2025). Miniaturized Foldable Electrodes with Direct CMOS Integration for Implantable Applications. Proceedings - 21st IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems, BioCAS 2025, 359–363. https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS67066.2025.00084
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2-s2.0-105033225803
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
EPFL
EPFL
Politecnico di Milano
EPFL
2025
9798331573362
359
363
REVIEWED
EPFL
| Event name | Event acronym | Event place | Event date |
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | 2025-10-16 - 2025-10-18 | ||