Performance Evaluation of Power Reversal in Double-Stage Solid-State Transformers Equipped with Resonant Conversion Stages
In double-stage solid-state transformers (SSTs) equipped with resonant DC/DC converters for galvanic isolation, fixed-frequency open-loop operation with a single active bridge has been a straightforward and prevailing design choice in terms of converter efficiency, especially when employing bipolar switching devices. Meanwhile, this prevents the bidirectional power flow capability of the SST, which is essential considering numerous real-world applications. Therefore, to enable the power reversal capability of SSTs with open-loop resonant DC/DC stages, a power reversal method (PRM) is needed that can detect the direction change of the power flow and modify the modulation of the DC/DC converter based on this. This work initially investigates the dynamic interactions of two stages, namely active front-end (AFE) and DC/DC resonant stages, under the presence of power direction change of the SST. Based on the mentioned analysis, a PRM is proposed that takes into account the unique behavior of the opposite slope rates of the primary and secondary DC-link voltages for power reversal detection. The validity of the proposed method and overall dynamic performance of the double-stage SST is established by experimental test results and characterization utilizing the low-voltage power
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