Aqueous Titanium Trichloride Promoted Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitrostyrenes to Indoles: Development and Application to the Synthesis of Rizatriptan and Aspidospermidine
Treatment of o-nitrostyrenes with aqueous TiCl3 solution at room temperature afforded indoles via a formal reductive C(sp2)-H amination process. A range of functions such as halides (Cl, Br), carbonyl (ester, carbamate), cyano, hydroxyl and amino groups were tolerated. From β, β-disubstituted o-nitrostyrenes, 2,3-disubstituted indoles were formed via a domino reduction/cyclization/migration process. Mild conditions, simple experimental procedure, ready accessibility of the starting materials and good to excellent yields characterized the present transformation. The methodology was used as a key step in a concise synthesis of rizatriptan and a formal total synthesis of aspidospermidine.
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Tong, S., Xu, Z., Mamboury, M., Wang, Q., & Zhu, J. (2015). Aqueous Titanium Trichloride Promoted Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitrostyrenes to Indoles: Development and Application to the Synthesis of Rizatriptan and Aspidospermidine. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 54(40), 11809–11812. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201505713
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WOS:000363394800038
2015
54
40
11809
11812
REVIEWED
EPFL