SPAD cameras: from LiDAR to quantum imaging
Solid-state photon-counting image sensors have emerged as useful tool to capture fast phenomena involving light at various wavelengths. Fast photon detection can be achieved with few picosecond resolutions using single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) [1, 2]. The impact of these detectors on light detection and ranging (LiDAR), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), and many others has been remarkable, and more innovations in quantum imaging are expected. This will be enabled by advances in integrated SPADs along with powerful computational imaging techniques, such as quanta burst photography [3]. New technologies, such as 3D-stacking, Ge, and InP/InGaAs SPAD sensors, will accelerate adoption of SWIR/NIR image sensors [4]. A technological perspective will be given on computationally intensive image sensors, for affordable, yet powerful quantum imaging [5,6]. References [1] K. Morimoto, M.-L. Wu, A. Ardelean, E. Charbon, "Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging", Phys. Rev. X 11, 011005 (2021). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011005 [2] F. Gramuglia, E. Ripiccini, C.A. Fenoglio, M.-L. Wu, L. Paolozzi, C. Bruschini, E. Charbon, "Direct MIP detection with sub-10 ps timing resolution Geiger-Mode APDs", Nucl. Instr. and Meth. In Phys. Res. A (NIMA) 1047, 167813 (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167813 [3] S. Ma, S. Gupta, A.C. Ulku, C. Bruschini, E. Charbon, and M. Gupta, "Quanta burst photography", ACM Trans. Graph. 39(4) 79:1-79:16 (2020). DOI: 10.1145/3386569.3392470 [4] F. Liu and E. Charbon, "1.8-µm pitch, 47-ps jitter SPAD array in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process", Opt. Express 32(22), 38004-38012 (2024). DOI: 10.1364/OE.533631 [5] A.C. Ulku, C. Bruschini, I.M. Antolovic, Y. Kao, R. Ankri, S. Weiss, X. Michalet, E. Charbon, "A 512 × 512 SPAD Image Sensor With Integrated Gating for Widefield FLIM", IEEE Journal of Sel. Top. in Quantum El., 25(1), 6801212 (2019). DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2018.2867439 [6] K. Morimoto, A. Ardelean, M.-L. Wu, A.C. Ulku, I.M. Antolovic, C. Bruschini, E. Charbon, "A megapixel time-gated SPAD image sensor for 2D and 3D imaging applications", Optica 7(4), 346-354 (2020). DOI : 10.1364/OPTICA.386574
EPFL
2025-10-29
5
REVIEWED
EPFL
| Event name | Event acronym | Event place | Event date |
Madrid, Spain | 2025-09-15 - 2025-09-19 | ||