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research article

Dynamics of heterogeneity in urban networks: aggregated traffic modeling and hierarchical control

Ramezani Ghalenoei, Mohsen  
•
Haddad, Jack  
•
Geroliminis, Nikolaos  
2015
Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

Real traffic data and simulation analysis reveal that for some urban networks a well-defined Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) exists, which provides a unimodal and low-scatter relationship between the network vehicle density and outflow. Recent studies demonstrate that link density heterogeneity plays a significant role in the shape and scatter level of MFD and can cause hysteresis loops that influence the network performance. Evidently, a more homogeneous network in terms of link density can result in higher network outflow, which implies a network performance improvement. In this article, we introduce two aggregated models, region- and subregion-based MFDs, to study the dynamics of heterogeneity and how they can affect the accuracy scatter and hysteresis of a multi-subregion MFD model. We also introduce a hierarchical perimeter flow control problem by integrating the MFD heterogeneous modeling. The perimeter flow controllers operate on the border between urban regions, and manipulate the percentages of flows that transfer between the regions such that the network delay is minimized and the distribution of congestion is more homogeneous. The first level of the hierarchical control problem can be solved by a model predictive control approach, where the prediction model is the aggregated parsimonious region-based MFD and the plant (reality) is formulated by the subregion-based MFDs, which is a more detailed model. At the lower level, a feedback controller of the hierarchical structure, tries to maximize the outflow of critical regions, by increasing their homogeneity. With inputs that can be observed with existing monitoring techniques and without the need for detailed traffic state information, the proposed framework succeeds to increase network flows and decrease the hysteresis loop of the MED. Comparison with existing perimeter controllers without considering the more advanced heterogeneity modeling of MFD highlights the importance of such approach for traffic modeling and control.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1016/j.trb.2014.12.010
Web of Science ID

WOS:000353742500001

Author(s)
Ramezani Ghalenoei, Mohsen  
Haddad, Jack  
Geroliminis, Nikolaos  
Date Issued

2015

Published in
Transportation Research Part B: Methodological
Volume

74

Start page

1

End page

19

Subjects

Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD)

•

Heterogeneity

•

Perimeter control

•

Hierarchical control

•

Traffic hysteresis

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LUTS  
Available on Infoscience
October 23, 2015
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/120055
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