Running relay: Incorporating an energy-relay dye (ERD) into the hole transporter of a dye-sensitized solar cell increased power-conversion efficiency by 29 % by extending light harvesting into the blue region. In the operating mechanism (see picture), absorption of red photons by the sensitizer transfers an electron into TiO2 and a hole into the electrolyte. Blue photons absorbed by the ERD are transferred by FRET to the sensitizer.