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  4. Towards Self-Supervised Covariance Estimation in Deep Heteroscedastic Regression
 
conference paper

Towards Self-Supervised Covariance Estimation in Deep Heteroscedastic Regression

Shukla, Megh  
•
Shameem, Aziz
•
Salzmann, Mathieu  
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April 24, 2025
Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) 2025 [Forthcoming publication]
13th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2025)

Deep heteroscedastic regression models the mean and covariance of the target distribution through neural networks. The challenge arises from heteroscedasticity, which implies that the covariance is sample dependent and is often unknown. Consequently, recent methods learn the covariance through unsupervised frameworks, which unfortunately yield a trade-off between computational complexity and accuracy. While this trade-off could be alleviated through supervision, obtaining labels for the covariance is non-trivial. Here, we study self-supervised covariance estimation in deep heteroscedastic regression. We address two questions: (1) How should we supervise the covariance assuming ground truth is available? (2) How can we obtain pseudo-labels in the absence of the ground-truth? We address (1) by analysing two popular measures: the KL Divergence and the 2-Wasserstein distance. Subsequently, we derive an upper bound on the 2-Wasserstein distance between normal distributions with non-commutative covariances that is stable to optimize. We address (2) through a simple neighborhood based heuristic algorithm which results in surprisingly effective pseudo-labels for the covariance. Our experiments over a wide range of synthetic and real datasets demonstrate that the proposed 2-Wasserstein bound coupled with pseudo-label annotations results in a computationally cheaper yet accurate deep heteroscedastic regression.

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CameraReady_ICLR_2025_ToSS.pdf

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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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CC BY-NC

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