Rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete bridges is a heavy burden from the socio-economic viewpoint. Novel concepts for the rehabilitation of concrete structures must be developed. Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concretes (UHPFRC) provide the structural engineer with a unique combination of extremely low permeability and very high mechanical strength. An original lifetime oriented concept is presented for the rehabilitation of concrete bridges which consists in using UHPFRC to “harden” the zones exposed to severe environmental and high mechanical loading. This concept combines efficiently protection and resistance properties of UHPFRC and significantly improves the structural performance and life-cycle costs.