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research article

Experimental realization of an active time-modulated airborne acoustic circulator at audible frequencies

Malléjac, Matthieu  
•
Fleury, Romain  
December 10, 2025
Journal of Sound and Vibration

Reciprocity is one of the fundamental characteristics of wave propagation in linear time-invariant media with preserved time-reversal symmetry. Breaking reciprocity opens the way to numerous applications in the fields of phononics and photonics, as it allows the unidirectional transport of information and energy carried by waves. In acoustics, achieving non-reciprocal behavior has lead extensive research including active and activated structures, nonlinear media, as well as moving media. In particular, time modulation has shown its efficiency to violate time-reversal symmetry and lead to non-reciprocity. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate a three-port non-reciprocal acoustic scatterer that behaves as a circulator for audible sound, by actively modulating the effective mass of the acoustic membranes over time. We discuss the conception and experimental validation of such an acoustic circulator, implemented with actively controlled loudspeakers, in the realm of audible and airborne acoustics, and demonstrate its good performance in different scenarios.

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Name

10.1016_j.jsv.2025.119246.pdf

Type

Main Document

Version

http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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openaccess

License Condition

CC BY-NC

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1.54 MB

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Adobe PDF

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e66e5da7e8b957066685b13e1b2133ac

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