In the context of the BARREEF project’s artificial reef construction in Samsø, Denmark,
this study presents a preliminary baseline assessment of biodiversity and coastal erosion, as
well as future predictions. The BARREEF project aims to address the challenges of climate
change and other stressors on marine ecosystems through dual objectives of coastal protection
and biodiversity enhancement. The methodology includes biodiversity monitoring
using unbaited remote underwater video systems (UBRUVS) at three distinct sandy sites
and assessing biodiversity with indicators such as species richness or community composition.
Additionally, nearby reef areas classified as structurally complex environments were surveyed
to gain further insights into potential future biodiversity impacted by the reef construction.
For coastal erosion analysis, shoreline analysis using the vegetation line and the high water
line as indicators, satellite imagery, and historical data were utilized, while exploring diverse
monitoring technologies, including drone seabed mapping, to assess coastal processes effectively.
Moreover, various monitoring technologies, including drone seabed mapping, were
explored to identify suitable tools for effective monitoring in this type of study. The findings
reveal diverse ecosystems with multiple species thriving in the sandy environment, with
structurally complex habitats exhibiting notably higher biodiversity. The planned reef’s
transformation of the sandy environment into a structurally complex one adds particular
significance to observed biodiversity patterns. The creation of more ecological niches by the
reef is expected to foster increased species diversity and support larger organisms, aligning
with higher biodiversity in such habitats. Furthermore, the creation of critical nursery habitats
contributes to the long-term sustainability of marine communities. Anticipated local
mitigation of coastal erosion by the artificial reef further highlights the project’s significance
in coastal protection. Post-construction monitoring in 2024 and beyond is vital to gauge
the actual impact of the BARREEF project on biodiversity and coastal protection. These
insights into coastal ecosystems, biodiversity conservation, and coastal protection strategies
have the potential to inspire similar dual-purpose initiatives globally and offer innovative
solutions to urgent environmental challenges.