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research article

Towards Accurate RISC-V Full System Simulation via Component-level Calibration

Pathak, Karan  
•
Said Hamdioui
•
Ansaloni, Giovanni  
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June 4, 2025
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems

Full-System (FS) simulation is essential for performance evaluation of complete systems that execute complex applications on a complete software stack consisting of an operating system and user applications. Nevertheless, they require careful fine-tuning against real hardware to obtain reliable performance statistics, which can become tedious, error-prone, and time-consuming with typical trial-and-error approaches. We propose a novel, streamlined, component-level calibration methodology to address these shortcomings to validate FS simulation models. Our methodology greatly accelerates the validation process without sacrificing accuracy. It is Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)-agnostic, and can tackle hardware specifications at different levels of detail. We demonstrate its effectiveness by validating FS models against both open-hardware and IP-protected (closed hardware) RISC-V silicon, achieving a mean error of 19-23% for the SPEC CPU2017 suite in the two cases. We introduce the first open-source RISC-V-based FS-validated simulation models with a complete and replicable methodology.

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TECS_gXR5.pdf

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Main Document

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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa

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openaccess

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CC BY

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1.3 MB

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