Micro-Raman spectroscopy is a convenient tool to probe individual objects with a feature size on the submicron scale. The phase, composition, and orientation of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 fibers fabricated via hydrothermal processing have been characterized by this technique, with the working principles given in the paper. It is shown that the prepared PZT subrnicron fibers are of a tetragonal pervoslcite phase, with Zr/(Zr + Ti) varying from 0.05 to 0.25. The spontaneous polarization has been confirmed to be along the length direction and one of its {1 0 0} planes parallel to the substrate plane. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.