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  4. Signal in Noise: Exploring Meaning Encoded in Random Character Sequences with Character-Aware Language Models
 
conference paper

Signal in Noise: Exploring Meaning Encoded in Random Character Sequences with Character-Aware Language Models

Chu, Mark Bo
•
Desikan, Bhargav Srinivasa  
•
Nadler, Ethan O.
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January 1, 2022
Proceedings Of The 60Th Annual Meeting Of The Association For Computational Linguistics (Acl 2022), Vol 1: (Long Papers)
60th Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Computational-Linguistics (ACL)

Natural language processing models learn word representations based on the distributional hypothesis, which asserts that word context (e.g., co-occurrence) correlates with meaning. We propose that n-grams composed of random character sequences, or garble, provide a novel context for studying word meaning both within and beyond extant language. In particular, randomly generated character n-grams lack meaning but contain primitive information based on the distribution of characters they contain. By studying the embeddings of a large corpus of garble, extant language, and pseudowords using CharacterBERT, we identify an axis in the model's high-dimensional embedding space that separates these classes of n-grams. Furthermore, we show that this axis relates to structure within extant language, including word part-of-speech, morphology, and concept concreteness. Thus, in contrast to studies that are mainly limited to extant language, our work reveals that meaning and primitive information are intrinsically linked.

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2022.acl-long.492.pdf

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