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  4. Unveiling the GeI<inf>2</inf>-Assisted Oriented Growth of Perovskite Crystallite for High-Performance Flexible Sn Perovskite Solar Cells
 
research article

Unveiling the GeI2-Assisted Oriented Growth of Perovskite Crystallite for High-Performance Flexible Sn Perovskite Solar Cells

Lai, Huagui
•
Olthof, Selina
•
Ren, Shengqiang
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January 1, 2025
Energy and Environmental Materials

Tin perovskites are emerging as promising alternatives to their lead-based counterparts for high-performance and flexible perovskite solar cells. However, their rapid crystallization often leads to inadequate film quality and poor device performance. In this study, the role of GeI2 as an additive is investigated for controlling the nucleation and crystallization processes of formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI3). The findings reveal the preferential formation of a Ge-rich layer at the bottom of the perovskite film upon the introduction of GeI2. It is proposed that the initial formation of the Ge complex acts as a crystallization regulator, promoting oriented growth of subsequent FASnI3 crystals and enhancing overall crystallinity. Through the incorporation of an optimal amount of GeI2, flexible Sn perovskite solar cells with an efficiency of 10.8% were achieved. Furthermore, it was observed that the GeI2 additive ensures a remarkable shelf-life for the devices, with the rigid cells retaining 91% of their initial performance after more than 13 800 h of storage in an N2 gas environment. This study elucidates the mechanistic role of GeI2 in regulating the nucleation and crystallization process of tin perovskites, providing valuable insights into the significance of additive engineering for the development of high-performance flexible tin perovskite solar cells.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1002/eem2.12791
Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85198649725

Author(s)
Lai, Huagui

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Olthof, Selina

Universität zu Köln

Ren, Shengqiang

Sichuan University

Kothandaraman, Radha K.

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Diethelm, Matthias

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Jeangros, Quentin  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Hany, Roland

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Tiwari, Ayodhya N.

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Zhao, Dewei

Sichuan University

Fu, Fan

Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Date Issued

2025-01-01

Published in
Energy and Environmental Materials
Volume

8

Issue

1

Article Number

e12791

Subjects

additive

•

crystallization

•

flexible

•

lead-free

•

Sn perovskite solar cells

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
PV-LAB  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

Ministry of Education of P. R. China

China Scholarship Council

Swiss National Science Foundation

200021_213073

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Available on Infoscience
January 24, 2025
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/243483
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