Sinibaldi, AlessandroGiuliani, ClemensCarleo, GiuseppeVicentini, Filippo2024-02-202024-02-202024-02-202023-10-1010.22331/q-2023-10-10-1131https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/204571WOS:001121140200001We analyze the accuracy and sample complexity of variational Monte Carlo approaches to simulate the dynamics of many-body quantum systems classically. By systematically studying the relevant stochastic estimators, we are able to: (i) prove that the most used scheme, the time-dependent Variational Monte Carlo (tVMC), is affected by a systematic statistical bias or exponential sample complexity when the wave function contains some (possibly approximate) zeros, an important case for fermionic systems and quantum information protocols; (ii) show that a different scheme based on the solution of an optimization problem at each time step is free from such problems; (iii) improve the sample complexity of this latter approach by several orders of magnitude with respect to previous proofs of concept. Finally, we apply our advancements to study the high-entanglement phase in a protocol of non-Clifford unitary dynamics with local random measurements in 2D, first benchmarking on small spin lattices and then extending to large systems.Physical SciencesIsing-Modeltext::journal::journal article::research article