Javerzac-Galy, C.Plekhanov, K.Bernier, N. R.Toth, L. D.Feofanov, A. K.Kippenberg, T. J.2017-01-192017-01-192017-01-19201610.1103/PhysRevA.94.053815https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/133045WOS:000387531300013We propose a device architecture capable of direct quantum coherent electro-optical conversion of microwave-to-optical photons. The hybrid system consists of a planar superconducting microwave circuit coupled to an integrated whispering-gallery-mode microresonator made from an electro-optical material. We show that by exploiting the large vacuum electric field of the planar microwave resonator, electro-optical (vacuum) coupling strengths g(0) as large as similar to 2 pi O(10 - 100) kHz are achievable with currently available technology-a more than 3 orders of magnitude improvement over prior designs and realizations. Operating at millikelvin temperatures, such a converter would enable high-efficiency conversion of microwave-to-optical photons. We analyze the added noise and show that maximum quantum coherent conversion efficiency is achieved for a multiphoton cooperativity of unity which can be reached with optical power as low as O(1) mW.On-chip microwave-to-optical quantum coherent converter based on a superconducting resonator coupled to an electro-optic microresonatortext::journal::journal article::research article