SALAMANCA-GIRON, Roberto F.RAFFIN, EstelleZANDVLIET, Sarah B.SEEBER, MartinMICHEL, Christoph M.SAUSENG, PaulHUXLIN, Krystel R.HUMMEL, Friedhelm C.2021-07-302021-07-302021-07-30202110.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118299https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/180227Visual motion discrimination involves reciprocal interactions in the alpha band between the primary visual cortex (V1) and mediotemporal areas (V5/MT). We investigated whether modulating alpha phase synchronization using individualized multisite transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over V5 and V1 regions would improve motion discrimination. We tested 3 groups of healthy subjects with the following conditions: (1) individualized In-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS (0° lag), (2) individualized Anti-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS (180° lag) and (3) sham tACS. Motion discrimination and EEG activity were recorded before, during and after tACS. Performance significantly improved in the Anti-Phase group compared to the In-Phase group 10 and 30 min after stimulation. This result was explained by decreases in bottom-up alpha-V1 gamma-V5 phase-amplitude coupling. One possible explanation of these results is that Anti-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS might impose an optimal phase lag between stimulation sites due to the inherent speed of wave propagation, hereby supporting optimized neuronal communication.text::journal::journal article::research article