Dahl-Jensen, D.Albert, M. R.Aldahan, A.Azuma, N.Balslev-Clausen, D.Baumgartner, M.Berggren, A.-M.Bigler, M.Binder, T.Blunier, T.Bourgeois, J. C.Brook, E. J.Buchardt, S. L.Buizert, C.Capron, E.Chappellaz, J.Chung, J.Clausen, H. B.Cvijanovic, I.Davies, S. M.Ditlevsen, P.Eicher, O.Fischer, H.Fisher, D. A.Fleet, L. G.Gfeller, G.Gkinis, V.Gogineni, S.Goto-Azuma, K.Grinsted, A.Gudlaugsdottir, H.Guillevic, M.Hansen, S. B.Hansson, M.Hirabayashi, M.Hong, S.Hur, S. D.Huybrechts, P.Hvidberg, C. S.Iizuka, Y.Jenk, T.Johnsen, S. J.Jones, T. R.Jouzel, J.Karlsson, N. B.Kawamura, K.Keegan, K.Kettner, E.Kipfstuhl, S.Kjaer, H. A.Koutnik, M.Kuramoto, T.Koehler, P.Laepple, T.Landais, A.Langen, P. L.Larsen, L. B.Leuenberger, D.Leuenberger, M.Leuschen, C.Li, J.Lipenkov, V.Martinerie, P.Maselli, O. J.Masson-Delmotte, V.McConnell, J. R.Miller, H.Mini, O.Miyamoto, A.Montagnat-Rentier, M.Mulvaney, R.Muscheler, R.Orsi, A. J.Paden, J.Panton, C.Pattyn, F.Petit, J.-R.Pol, K.Popp, T.Possnert, G.Prie, F.Prokopiou, M.Quiquet, A.Rasmussen, S. O.Raynaud, D.Ren, J.Reutenauer, C.Ritz, C.Rockmann, T.Rosen, J. L.Rubino, M.Rybak, O.Samyn, D.Sapart, C. J.Schilt, A.Schmidt, A. M. Z.Schwander, J.Schuepbach, S.Seierstad, I.Severinghaus, J. P.Sheldon, S.Simonsen, S. B.Sjolte, J.Solgaard, A. M.Sowers, T.Sperlich, P.Steen-Larsen, H. C.Steffen, K.Steffensen, J. P.Steinhage, D.Stocker, T. F.Stowasser, C.Sturevik, A. S.Sturges, W. T.Sveinbjornsdottir, A.Svensson, A.Tison, J.-L.Uetake, J.Vallelonga, P.van de Wal, R. S. W.van der Wel, G.Vaughn, B. H.Vinther, B.Waddington, E.Wegner, A.Weikusat, I.White, J. W. C.Wilhelms, F.Winstrup, M.Witrant, E.Wolff, E. W.Xiao, C.Zheng, J.2022-11-232022-11-232022-11-232013-01-0110.1038/nature11789https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/192620WOS:000313871400029Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling ('NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 ± 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.stable isotopewaterEemianice coreinterglacialmeltpaleoclimatereconstructionsurface temperaturearticleclimate changecoolingglacial periodGreenlandheatice core recordice sheetmelting pointpriority journalsummersunlighttemperaturethicknesswarmingGlobal WarmingIce CoverAntarcticaArcticGreenland Ice Sheettext::journal::journal article::research article