von Salzen, KnutWhaley, Cynthia H.Anenberg, Susan C.Van Dingenen, RitaKlimont, ZbigniewFlanner, Mark G.Mahmood, RashedArnold, Stephen R.Beagley, StephenChien, Rong-YouChristensen, Jesper H.Eckhardt, SabineEkman, Annica M. L.Evangeliou, NikolaosFaluvegi, GregFu, Joshua S.Gauss, MichaelGong, WanminHjorth, Jens L.Im, UlasKrishnan, SrinathKupiainen, KaarleKühn, ThomasLangner, JoakimLaw, Kathy S.Marelle, LouisOlivié, DirkOnishi, TatsuoOshima, NagaPaunu, Ville-VeikkoPeng, YiranPlummer, DavidPozzoli, LucaRao, ShilpaRaut, Jean-ChristopheSand, MariaSchmale, JuliaSigmond, MichaelThomas, Manu A.Tsigaridis, KostasTsyro, SvetlanaTurnock, Steven T.Wang, MinqiWinter, Barbara2022-10-032022-10-032022-10-032022-10-0210.1038/s43247-022-00555-xhttps://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/191154A tighter integration of modeling frameworks for climate and air quality is urgently needed to assess the impacts of clean air policies on future Arctic and global climate. We combined a new model emulator and comprehensive emissions scenarios for air pollutants and greenhouse gases to assess climate and human health co-benefits of emissions reductions. Fossil fuel use is projected to rapidly decline in an increasingly sustainable world, resulting in far-reaching air quality benefits. Despite human health benefits, reductions in sulfur emissions in a more sustainable world could enhance Arctic warming by 0.8 °C in 2050 relative to the 1995–2014, thereby offsetting climate benefits of greenhouse gas reductions. Targeted and technically feasible emissions reduction opportunities exist for achieving simultaneous climate and human health co-benefits. It would be particularly beneficial to unlock a newly identified mitigation potential for carbon particulate matter, yielding Arctic climate benefits equivalent to those from carbon dioxide reductions by 2050.text::journal::journal article::research article