Dabirian, AliKuzminykh, YurySandu, Silviu CosminHarada, ScottWagner, EstelleBrodard, PierreBenvenuti, GiacomoRushworth, SimonMuralt, PaulHoffmann, Patrik2011-08-112011-08-112011-08-11201110.1021/cg1011583https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/69990WOS:000285735100030Combinatorial high-vacuum chemical vapor deposition (HV-CVD) was used to identify the conditions required to obtain hafnium-doped lithium niobate thin films on sapphire {001} substrates. Niobium tetraethoxydimethylaminoethoxide (Nb(OEt)(4)(dmae)), lithium tert-butoxide (Li(OBut)), and hafnium tert-butoxide (Hf(OBut)(4)) were used as precursors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that a single phase of textured {001} Hf-doped lithium niobate film was obtained under certain precursor flux conditions. The lithium content ([Li]/([Li] + [Nb])) of the textured film was estimated using Raman spectroscopy to be about 49 mol %. The presence of hafnium inside the films was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, and the hafnium content of the textured film ([Hf]/([Hf] + [Nb])) was estimated to be about 3 mol %. XPS data confirmed that Hf and Nb, respectively, are in the +4 and +5 oxidation states inside the film. The film consists of nearly parallel {001} hafnium-doped lithium niobate columns with different in-plane orientations.Compositional SpreadsLinbo3CrystalsDiscoveryOptimizationSpectroscopyTitaniumOxidesModelBeamtext::journal::journal article::research article