Dyson, PaulZhao, DongbinFei, Zhaofu2015-09-222015-09-222015-09-222005https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/118483Novel chemical compounds of the general formula K<+>A<->, in which K<+> is a 5- or 6- membered heterocyclic ring having 1-3 hetereo atoms, which can be independently N, S, or 0 with the proviso that at least one of the hetereo atoms must be a quaternized nitrogen atom having a -R'CN substituent, wherein R' is alkyl (C1 to C12) the heterocyclic ring having up to 4 or 5 substituents independently chosen from the moieties: (i) H (ii) halogen or (iii) alkyl (C1 to C12) , which is unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted by further groups, preferably F, Cl, N(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)2, O(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx), S02(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)2 or CnF(2n+1-x)Hx where 1<n<6 and 0<x<13 and (iv) a phenyl ring which is unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted by further groups, preferably F, Cl, N(CnF(2n+1-x.)Hx.)2, O(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx), S02(CnF(2n+1-x)Hx)2 or CnF(2n+1-x)Hx where 1<n<6 and 0<X<=13 AND A<-> is any anion that provides a salt with a low melting point, below about 100 DEG C A<-> can be halide, BF4<- >, PF6<->, N03<->, CH3CO2<->, CF3SO3<->, (CF3SO2)2N<->, (CF3SO2)3C<-> CF3CO2<-> or N(CN)2<-> or [BF3RCN]<->. These compounds can be used as industrial solvents, especially as ligands for efficient catalyst recycling.patentPL1660457US2012108820ES2374195US8101777PT1660457AT526314JP4791361EP1660457KR20110091827CN1839122CN101817785US2009143597AU2004266847JP2007503415BRPI0414005CN1839122KR20060069470EP1660457MXPA06002214AU2004266847CA2534864WO200501918534216151