Ford, BryanGasser, LinusKogias, Eleftherios KokorisJovanovic, Philipp2019-12-052019-12-052019-12-052018https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/163666Data storage and retrieval systems, methods, and computer-readable media utilize a cryptographically verifiable data structure that facilitates verification of a transaction in a decentralized peer-to-peer environment using multi-hop backwards and forwards links. Backward links are cryptographic hashes of past records. Forward links are cryptographic signatures of future records that are added retroactively to records once the target block has been appended to the data structure.patentUS10581613US2018359096WO201822463562563160