Two of the main problems in the realization of sustainable development are a comprehensive energy supply and the consequences related to energy use. Sen’s Capability Approach (1985) for a life worth living and Lund’s Choice Awareness Theory (2010) are analyzed as to their implications for the integration of an energy system in developing countries orientated on sustainability. While all people should have the opportunity to live a life worth living, each individual must also be responsible for their own choices. However, individuals can only be held responsible if they are aware that they do have a choice. The paper argues that the successful establishment of the idea of sustainable development requires more than just a few people in a society being aware of the choice. Rather, it is essential in a successful development process aimed at sustainability that a general awareness of the choices be present. The theoretical implications discussed in this paper support the implementation of a sustainable energy system in developing countries.