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research article

Bottom-up synthesis of graphene films hosting atom-thick molecular-sieving apertures

Villalobos, Luis Francisco  
•
Van Goethem, Cedric  
•
Hsu, Kuang-Jung  
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September 14, 2021
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America (PNAS)

Incorporation of a high density of molecular-sieving nanopores in the graphene lattice by the bottom-up synthesis is highly attractive for high-performance membranes. Herein, we achieve this by a controlled synthesis of nanocrystalline graphene where incomplete growth of a few nanometer-sized, misoriented grains generates molecular-sized pores in the lattice. The density of pores is comparable to that obtained by the state-of-the-art postsynthetic etching (1012 cm-2) and is up to two orders of magnitude higher than that of molecular-sieving intrinsic vacancy defects in singlelayer graphene (SLG) prepared by chemical vapor deposition. The porous nanocrystalline graphene (PNG) films are synthesized by precipitation of C dissolved in the Ni matrix where the C concentration is regulated by controlled pyrolysis of precursors (polymers and/or sugar). The PNG film is made of few-layered graphene except near the grain edge where the grains taper down to a single layer and eventually terminate into vacancy defects at a node where three or more grains meet. This unique nanostructure is highly attractive for the membranes because the layered domains improve the mechanical robustness of the film while the atom-thick molecular-sized apertures allow the realization of large gas transport. The combination of gas permeance and gas pair selectivity is comparable to that from the nanoporous SLG membranes prepared by state-of-the-art postsynthetic lattice etching. Overall, the method reported here improves the scale-up potential of graphene membranes by cutting down the processing steps.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1073/pnas.2022201118
Web of Science ID

WOS:000704000100011

Author(s)
Villalobos, Luis Francisco  
Van Goethem, Cedric  
Hsu, Kuang-Jung  
Li, Shaoxian  
Moradi, Mina  
Zhao, Kangning  
Dakhchoune, Mostapha  
Huang, Shiqi  
Shen, Yueqing  
Oveisi, Emad  
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Date Issued

2021-09-14

Publisher

National Academy of Sciences

Published in
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America (PNAS)
Volume

118

Issue

37

Article Number

e2022201118

Subjects

Multidisciplinary Sciences

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Science & Technology - Other Topics

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intrinsic vacancy defects

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nanocrystalline graphene

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nanopores

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low-temperature growth

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graphene membrane

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grain-boundaries

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gas separation

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carbon

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transport

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membranes

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fabrication

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permeation

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mechanisms

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nanosheets

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defects

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
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CIME  
Available on Infoscience
October 23, 2021
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/182395
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