Perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem solar cells have the potential to reach efficiencies beyond those of silicon single-junction record devices. However, the high-temperature process of 500 °C needed for state-of-the-art mesoscopic perovskite cells has, so far, been limiting their implementation in monolithic tandem devices. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of zinc tin oxide as a recombination layer and show its electrical and optical stability at temperatures up to 500 °C. To prove the concept, we fabricate monolithic tandem cells with mesoscopic top cell with up to 16% efficiency. We then investigate the effect of zinc tin oxide layer thickness variation, showing a strong influence on the optical interference pattern within the tandem device. Finally, we discuss the perspective of mesoscopic perovskite cells for high-efficiency monolithic tandem solar cells.
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Title
Zinc tin oxide as high-temperature stable recombination layer for mesoscopic perovskite/silicon monolithic tandem solar cells
Note
The project comprising this work is evaluated by the Swiss National Science Foundation and funded by Nano-Tera.ch with Swiss Confederation financing, by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy, under Grant No. SI/501072-01 and Grant No. IZLIZ2_156641. This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 653296 (CHEOPS), as well as from German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) under Contract No. 0325480 A (CHIP). The authors would like to thank S. Kirstein for her help with sample processing and Raphaël Monnard for ellipsometry measurements.
