Résumé

A steady-state bubble-plume model is evaluated using full-scale temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen data collected in a Swiss Lake. The data revealed a plume-generated near-field environment that differed significantly from the ambient far-field water column properties. A near-field torus of reduced stratification developed around the six plumes, the extent of which is on the same lateral scale as the horizontal dislocations generated by persistent 1st-mode seiching. The plume fallback water was found to penetrate much deeper than expected, thereby maintaining reduced vertical gradients in the near-field torus. The plume entrains a portion of the fallback water leading to short-circuiting, which generates a complex plume-lake interaction and reduces far-field downwelling relative to the upward plume flow. As the integral plume model incorporates the entrainment hypothesis, it is highly sensitive to the near-field environmental conditions. After identifying appropriate near-field boundary conditions, the plume model predictions agree well with the field observations.

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