We have analysed the expression pattern of the mouse homeobox containing gene Dlx-1. This gene harbors a homeodomain related to that found in the Drosophila distal-less (dll) gene. In addition to its expression in the developing forebrain, Dlx-1 is transcribed in several structures containing cells of neural crest origin such as the facial mesenchyme and various elements of the peripheral nervous system. Dlx-1 transcripts are also detected in the differentiating retina and during limb morphogenesis, in the apical ectodermal ridge. The possible involvement of Dlx-1 during facial, ocular and limb development is discussed.